YLE Camshaft Position Sensor Disadvantages: three parasitic capacitance effect

Initial capacitance capacitive weighing sensor is small, and the lead capacitance, electronic circuit connected with the sensor and the electronic circuit of the stray capacitance and inside the sensor plate and the surrounding conductors capacitors and other so-called YLE Auto Temperature Sensormissing large parasitic capacitance, not only reduces the sensitivity of the sensor, and the capacitance is often random change, will make the instrument work is not stability, influence the accuracy of measurement. So the cable selection, installation, connection method has strict requirements. For example, with good shielding property, its small distributed capacitance of high frequency electric wire as the lead, lead is thick and short, to ensure the instrument stray capacitance is small and stable and so on, otherwise it can not guarantee the high measurement precision.
It should be pointed out that, along with the material, technology, electronic technology, especially the rapid development of technology, the capacitance weighing sensor has been developing and YLE Engine Coolant Level Sensor constantly overcome shortcomings. The capacitance sensor is becoming a high sensitivity, high precision, low pressure sensor in dynamic, and some special measurement has a promising.

Bio- class sensor uses and effects in the food industry

The biosensor is a very special detection sensors , mainly for monitoring of vital objects and chemicals . In many areas of biosensors sideways must have the use of Cooling Temperature Sensor in which the food industry is also bound to use the . So biosensor uses its effect in the food industry , what does ? Following small to explain in detail . Biosensor analysis of the use of food containing food ingredients, food additives determination , harmful toxins and other fresh food analysis . A food ingredient analysisIn the food industry , the content of glucose is an important objective measure of the degree of sophistication and storing fruit of life expectancy . The enzyme electrode Crankshaft Position Sensor developed can be used to analyze wine, apple juice , jam and honey glucose . Other sugars, such as fructose , beer, malt wort , have sophisticated measuring sensor .Niculescu , who developed a biosensor called amps can be used to detect alcohol content drink guessed . Such a biosensor is buried in the alcohol dehydrogenase protein with polyethylene , and the share of the polymer is not the same enzyme can affect function of Crank Shaft Position Sensor . In the current experiments , the biosensor to measure alcohol limit for lnM.Analysis of two food additivesGenerally used in the food industry sulfite bleaching agents and preservatives , the enzyme electrode current- dioxide sulfite oxidase is selected item made ??active for the determination of the content of sulfite in foods , the linear measurement scale is 0 - quartic 6 mol / L. Again drinks , puddings , and other foods in the past sweeteners , Guibault other selected enzymes aspartate ammonia electrode contact measurement , the linear scale of minus five square -1xlO 2x10 negative cubic mol / L. Furthermore, the biosensor is also useful for measuring colors, and emulsifiers reported.3 pesticide residue analysisOver the years , everyone on pesticide residues in food increasingly focused questions , governments are also stepping on pesticide residues in food testing operations .Yamazaki , who sent a clear determination of the use of artificial enzyme organophosphorus insecticides amperometric biosensors , the use of organophosphorus pesticides hydrolase, nitro phenol and phenol detection limit diethyl seven negative side 10 mol, measured at 40 ℃ only 4min. Albareda such as glutaraldehyde cross-linking method using acetylcholine esterase fixed carbon paste electrode wire appearance, made ??a detectable concentration of negative 10 power of 10 negative paraoxon and 10 mol / L of 11 th mol / L of carbofuran biosensors can be used for the direct detection of residual water and juice samples of two pesticides.4 identification of microorganisms and toxinsThe presence of pathogenic microorganisms in food well-being of consumers will bring great harm , not only vegetarian food poisoning and toxicity of many varieties , most of them have carcinogenic , teratogenic, sudden changes in effect, therefore , strengthen the food pathogen microorganisms and toxins detection is crucial .Eating beef is very simple coli 0157.H7. Infection, and therefore , the demand for rapid detection and protection active approach to a class of E. coli bacteria 0157.H7 . Kramerr et al discuss fiber optic biosensor can detect within a few min food pathogens ( such as E. coli 0157.H7.), While the traditional approach needs a few d. This biosensor detection of pathogens from the pathogen from the sample obtained from scratch and make it independent of the growth in the medium altogether just 1d moment , while the traditional approach needs 4d.There is also a fast -active immune biosensor can be used to measure the milk residues of ivermectin , which is the reaction cytoplasmic genome, signal transmission through the optical system . The detection limit has been reached for 16.2ng/ml. One day be able to detect 20 milk samples .Detection five food freshnessFood industry, especially the freshness of food fish , fresh meat detect a primary objective is to assess the quality of the food . Volpe et al Yin oxidase yellow winded biological active materials, hydrogen peroxide electrode contact , through the determination of a past occurrence of fish muscle phosphate degradation process (IMP) muscle celecoxib (IIXR) and sub- yellow throat Yin (HX) concentration and then evaluate the freshness of the fish , the linear size of 5x10 -2x10 power of minus 10 th power minus 4 mol / L

Smart grid development is inseparable from the current sensor security

Urban consumption continued to increase , the construction of the smart grid has become an inevitable trend , however, also need to get the power of security, this time showing the current sensor indispensable role . Also in the process of current Engine Water Temperature Sensor technology , and other aspects of the design and effectiveness of continuous improvement in the industry for more than the current flow measurement has a major role Fiber-optic current sensors for example, China launched a XDGDL-1 fiber-optic current sensor system to achieve a full digital line current sensing loop control system , with good stability and linearity and high sensitivity to meet a large range of process precision measurement requirements.Meanwhile , the system developed a field- winding telescopic structure, easy toinstall, can avoid the interference of stray magnetic fields , bus eccentricity measurement error is less than plus or minus 0.1 %, to achieve a high-precision signal conversion program for the rectifier control devices provide high-precision analog and digital communication interface standard .With the construction of the smart grid , the requirements for increasingly high current Engine Cooling Temperature Sensor , current sensor in the future to sensitivity, stability , and many other improvements , to move higher sensitivity , stronger immunity , lower power , smarter design, more compact , integrated and improved temperature stability direction, the better for the smart grid construction and upgrade services.

How tension sensor wiring

How tension sensor wiring ?First determine the monitor 's power Engine Water Temperature Sensor interface positive power of negative , positive feedback , negative feedback , positive signal, negative , if it is 6-wire transmission control , measure Car Temperature Sensorresistance smallest two lines are the power positive feedback positive ; the power of negative , negative feedback , after receiving the sensor load monitor , measure another two line voltage ( mV ) signal is connected to monitor the positive and negative connection monitor signal negative ; if the value is four lines , you need to monitor power is and feedback is shorted , the power losses and negative feedback shorted with a multimeter measuring Shaft Position Sensor four lines, of which the largest two resistor values ​​is the power , the other two is the signal . Depending on the sensor origin, can lead color judgment, within the country manufacturers usually red for the power supply positive , black is negative power supply , green for the signal is positive, white is the signal negative ; Europe produces sensors generally green as the power supply positive , black for the power negative , white for the signal is positive, red is the signal negative .

Capacitive Humidity Sensor

Capacitive humidity sensor directly sensing the relative humidity changes , the humidity changes into a change in capacitance , and then change in capacitance by the signal conditioning circuit is converted to a standard electrical signal supplied to the associated control or monitoring circuits. Capacitive humidity sensor features are: fast response, high linearity , low hysteresis and long-term stability and good , so applications are increasingly widespread . Capacitive relative humidity sensor usually consists of thermosetting polymers , three capacitor structure , platinum electrodes , as well as integrated signal conditioning circuit ( except for high-temperature applications ) and other components. As shown below, wherein the thermosetting polymer is the outermost layer of the sensor package is mainly for protection against dirt , dust, oil and other Mian override or enter into Camshaft Position Sensor , corrosion platinum electrode , affect the sensor response speed . The outer layer of the platinum electrode is filled with holes, make sure the air with water vapor quickly and smoothly into the internal sensor , speed sensor response speed and reduce the measured hysteresis. In practice , based on the affinity of vapor capacitive, resistive or conductive thin film as a humidity sensor is sensitive to humidity , but also on the temperature-sensitive , so in order to achieve accurate measurement , or wide temperature range , temperature compensation is not necessary small. To achieve temperature compensation, temperature measurements must be placed as close to the Shaft Position Sensor measurement environment, particularly humidity and temperature is calculated using the dew point , which is particularly important. Industrial humidity and dew point measuring apparatus is usually integrated in the sensor substrate opposite a 1000 ohm platinum RTD temperature sensor for temperature compensation. When the sensor sensing area surface temperature is below ambient dew point temperature , then the sensor sensing area surface condensation is easy , even if the surface temperature or sensor sensing area within the local temperature only briefly below ambient dew point temperature, the sensor has an internal or surface condensation may form , especially when the working environment humidity above 95 %, the temperature of the subtle fluctuations are likely to cause condensation . In order to avoid humidity and dew condensation on Crankshaft Positioning Sensor influence , there is usually some measures such as maintaining good air circulation to reduce temperature fluctuations ; add to the humidity sensor sintered stainless steel filter , a waterproof coating to further suppress the condensation of .

Three types of temperature sensor probe

Temperature sensors are in contact and non-contact type two, which is the Sensor Camshaft probe is an important part of it is directly related to the temperature measurement accuracy and stability. Typically, Camshaft Position Sensor probe can be divided into three main types . 1 , piercing ( immersion ) probe . These probes are used to measure the temperature of liquids and solids , the probe needle tip is designed to pierce . In use, if the temperature of the probe than the actual measured temperature of the object is low, there is the principle of conservation of energy , heat conduction from the probe at the measured object ; than the actual temperature of the probe if the measured object temperature , then heat the conduction from the probe to the object to be measured above . In this case, the object under test is heated up , the measured temperature is the temperature of the object after heating . In this case it is necessary to consider the ratio of the probe and the medium , because the ratio of the probe and the medium is better , more precise object to obtain a measured energy , reduce the measurement error caused . We must be clear instruments to measure the temperature value is not the medium temperature , but the temperatureofAutomotive Temperature Sensors . The main methods of reducing measurement error are: ensuring piercing or immersion depth of the probe diameter 10-15 times ; when the sample medium is liquid, to try to make it in a static state . 2, the air temperature probe . This probe is mainly used for air temperature measurement, such as refrigerator , freezer , air conditioning rooms, airy spaces , etc. , the probe exposed to the air, so it is easily affected by airflow disturbances , the best solution is for the two airflow -3m / s , the downstream probe is moved above the light , the temperature reached equilibrium and stability. 3 , the surface of the probe . This probe is mainly used for measurement of the surface temperature . When using the probe tip may be measured perpendicular to the object , and close contact with the object under test . Must be noted that the probe and the measured object contact surfaces must be smooth , otherwise easily lead to measurement errors.

Ultrasonic sensors are developed from the use of ultrasonic sensor characteristics

Ultrasonic sensors are developed from the use of ultrasonic sensor characteristics , because of its reliable, easy to install, waterproof , launch angle is small, high sensitivity , are widely used in liquid level monitoring, robot collision avoidance , a variety of ultrasonic proximity switches, and burglar alarm and other related fields. As we all know , is the production of piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic Cooling Temperature Sensor probes commonly used materials . Here's a look at piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic Car Sensorsworking principle and structural characteristics .When a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric ceramics , piezoelectric ceramics will change with voltage and frequency mechanical deformation . On the other hand , when the vibration of piezoelectric ceramics , an electrical charge is generated . Using this principle , when given by the two piezoelectric ceramic or a piezoelectric ceramic and a metal sheet having a vibrator, the bimorph element , applying an electrical signal , it will emit an ultrasonic vibration by bending . In contrast, when applied to the bimorph element ultrasonic vibration , it will generate an electrical signal. Because of these effects , it can be used as a piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic sensor .

GC-type analyzer

GC-type analyzer is based on chromatographic separation and detection techniques, separation and determination of the concentration of each component in the sample gas, so the whole analytical instruments. In the power plant boiler test, has been applied. Work, periodically from the injector means a volume of gas samples taken in a pure carrier gas flow rate (i.e., the mobile phase) to carry, the flow through the column, the column referred Engine Temperature Sensors stationary phase with a solid or liquid, the use of stationary gas sample, the absorption of the components of the different solubility, the two phases of the components in the distribution is repeated, so that the separation of the components, the column according to time the detector has carried out the quantitative determination. According detection principle, subdivided into concentration detector and mass detector two kinds.

Semiconductor gas sensor

Semiconductor type gas sensor is based on a metal oxide or a metal oxide material made ​​of semiconductor detection element interacts with the gas generated on the surface or reaction, causing movement of carriers characterized by conductivity or volt-ampere characteristics or surface potential changes in the gas concentration measurement. The mechanism from the control surface can be divided into type (using a gas adsorbed on the surface of the semiconductor conductivity changes arising from the sensitive element), surface potential type (adsorbed gas generated after Positioning Sensor of semiconductor surface potential or the zeta potential change of the gas sensitive element), Volume controlled (based semiconductor react with the gas when the volume change, thus changing the working principle of generating electrical conductivity), etc. Percentage can detect concentrations of combustible gases can be detected ppm level toxic and harmful gases. Has a simple structure, high sensitivity, fast response, and many other practical advantages, but its main deficiency is a measure of the linear range is small, by the background gas interferences, susceptible to ambient temperature and so on.

The acceleration sensor technology used

AC response acceleration sensors most commonly used AC response acceleration sensor is the use of a piezoelectric element as its sensitive unit. When the acceleration input, the sensor of the sensing mass "move" of the piezoelectric element generates a charge proportional to the input acceleration signal. From the electrical angle of view, as an active piezoelectric element capacitor, its ohmic resistance level at 10x9. Determined by the resistance and capacitance RC time constant, which also determines the frequency of Crankshaft Positioning Sensor through the properties. For this reason, the piezoelectric accelerometer can be used to measure static event. The piezoelectric element may be derived from natural or synthetic. They have different signal conversion efficiency and linearity. There are two types on the market piezoelectric accelerometer - charge output, voltage output. Main charge output piezoelectric acceleration sensor acceleration sensor zirconate titanate ceramics, has a wide operating temperature range, wide dynamic range, wide frequency range (usable frequency> 10kHz). Charge output of the piezoelectric type Camshaft Position Sensor is encapsulated in an airtight ceramic metal housing. Due to the ability to resist harsh environments, which has a very good durability. Because of its high impedance, this sensor requires a charge amplifier and low noise with shielded cable is used, preferably a coaxial cable. Low noise cable is a finger which has a low friction electrical noise, which is generated by the movement of the noise from the cable itself. Many sensor manufacturers also offer this low-noise cable. Charge amplifier and charge output type acceleration Automotive Temperature Sensors connection, which can eliminate the cable capacitance and the impact of the sensor capacitor in parallel. With advanced charge amplifier, charge output type acceleration sensor is easy to achieve wide dynamic response (> 120dB). Since the piezoelectric ceramic is very wide temperature range, some sensors may be used to -200 ° C to +400 ° C, or even wider temperature environment. They are particularly suitable for vibration testing under extreme temperatures, such as turbine engine monitoring.

How the sensor application circuit reduces noise and interference

Sensor circuit sensor circuit noise and interference sources easily received outside or inside some of the irregular noise or interference signals, in fact, passThe success of Crankshaft Sensor Replacement design and interference design are inseparable.Low-frequency noise is low frequency noise is mainly due to internaldiscontinuities caused by the conductive particles. In particular carbon film resistors, the carbonaceous material is present inside many micro-Small particles, particles are discontinuous, the electric current flows through the resistor will change in conductivity caused by the current changes, the contact does not produce similarOrleans arc flash explosion. In addition, the transistor may also have a similar burst noise and flicker noise, and the resistance mechanism which generates a discontinuity in the particle phaseRecently, also the degree of doping of the transistor. Two semiconductor devices produced by the shot noise of the semiconductor PN junction voltage across the barrier zone changes caused tiredThe charge accumulated in this region the number of changes, which show a capacitive effect. When the applied forward voltage rises, N and P areas of electronic devices in the depletion region of the holeMovement, is equivalent to charging the capacitor. When the forward voltage decreases, which in turn make the depletion region away from the electron and hole, the equivalent capacitor is discharged. When the applied reverseVoltage, the depletion region of the opposite variation. When Crankshaft Positioning Sensor flows through the potential barrier region, this change will cause flow through the potential barrier region small fluctuations generated by the current, thereby generatingRaw current noise. Its size and noise temperature, △ f is proportional to the bandwidth. 3 high-frequency thermal noise, thermal noise is due to internal electronic conductorGenerated by the random motion. The higher the temperature, the more intense electron motion. No internal electronic conductor Games in its internal rules the formation of many tinyCurrent fluctuations, because it is disorderly movement, so its average total current is zero, but it as a component (or as part of the circuit) is connected up, A circuit, its internal current will be enlarged to a noise source, especially in the high frequency band of the work circuit of high frequency noise particularly.

There are four pressure sensors which strain classification

Strain gauge pressure sensor is a pressure sensor in the application of more of a sensor, usually used to measure the pressure of a large , widely used measurement pipe internal pressure , internal combustion gas pressure, differential pressure and the injection pressure, engine and missile tests in the pulsating pressure, and the various areas of the fluid pressure. Also, the sensor has multiple types, different species have different effects 1 , modular : composition strain pressure sensor, the sensing element can be divided into the elastic member and the elastic strain components feelings . Wherein said Shaft Position Sensor converts the pressure force is transmitted to the elastic strain components strain most sensitive parts , and the strain gauge is attached to the elastic strain components at maximum strain . In fact, the more complex strain and strain tubular beam are of this type .2, the diaphragm : its elasticity sensitive element is clamped circular metal flat diaphragm . The diaphragm is deformed under pressure , the center of the radial and tangential strain of the strain reaches a positive maximum , and the negative edge of the radial strain at the maximum shear strain is zero. So often the two strain gauges were attached to the positive and negative maximum strain point , and then into the adjacent bridge arm bridge circuit to obtain greater sensitivity and temperature compensation.3 , strain beam : measuring small pressure, may have fixed beams or other structural beam intensity . One method is to use the diaphragm pressure transducer Weili dowel passed through to the strain beam, beam fixed at both ends of the maximum strain at both ends and the midpoint of the beam , the strain gauge was attached at these places. There are other forms such a structure , for example, the cantilever can be constituted of the diaphragm or bellows .4 , the tubular strain : Strain tubular barrel known as strain , its elastic sensing element is a thin-walled cylinder closed at one end , the other end with a flange connected to the system under test . Affixed to the tube wall with two or four strain gauges attached to the solid portion half as a temperature compensating plate , the other half as a strain gauge measurement .This Positioning Sensor can also be used convert the measured pressure piston force is transmitted to the strain on the tube or through the diaphragm shape pendant chain transfer measured pressure . Strain tube pressure Cooling Temp Sensor structure is simple, easy to manufacture , applicability, in rockets, artillery shells and dynamic pressure measurement has a broad application .